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Dear AIB members,



The Japan Academy of Multinational Enterprises is delighted to announce
that Volume 4 (2017), Issue 1 of Japan MNE Insights is now available online
(http://www.mne-jp.org/english/column.html) and in a PDF format.



This issue includes two special essays written by Yasuro Uchida and Akio
Tokuda, and here are the abstracts.



Essay 1: Yasuro Uchida, “Royalty Free Intellectual Property and
Inter-industrialization of MNEs”



              Alliances created between companies operating in different
industries have been starting to appear. One of the causes of such
alliances is the IoT, the “Internet of Things”. Since various things around
us are connected to the Internet via the IoT, things which people
previously managed separately can now be managed in one system. In other
words, the premise of the IoT is cooperation beyond the boundaries of
discrete industries. As a result of this, as technology which utilizes IoT
develops and increases in popularity, the demand by the users for
technology that can make uses of various industries will also increase
accordingly. One of the most important things for creating such an alliance
is a technology standard. Indeed, the IT Strategic Headquarters of Japan
Cabinet Secretariat has decided to promote the IoT policy, emphasizing that
the key for IoT policy success is such a technology standard.

              This standardization is primarily divided into two types. One
is an international standard; for this, cooperation with foreign companies
is required. The other is an inter-industrial standard. This one is
necessary because the IoT business is based on the alliances created
between companies operating in different industries. Therefore, both the
international standard and the inter-industrial standard are developed
simultaneously. There is a lot of research related to international
standardization of technology, but despite that research related to
business strategies - which accompanies both the international standard and
the inter-industrial standard at the same time -is relatively scarce. The
key factor for the success of these two standards is the royalty free
status of intellectual property (IP). This essay presented the case of
Qualcomm to explain the importance of royalty free IP.





Essay 2:Akio Tokuda, “The Ultimate Source of Competitive Advantages of the
Firm”.



              In this essay, I firstly developed a framework to identify
the ultimate sources of competitive advantage of the firm by invoking and
amending the resource based model of strategic management.  It clarifies
that the ultimate source of it comes not only from the combination of
resources with competitive characteristics, such as valuable, inimitable,
non-substitutable and rare, but also from the exploitation of factor
markets disequilibrium directed by the heterogeneous perception of the
entrepreneur.  Secondly, to take advantage of the developed framework, I
made a definition of ‘strategic alliances’ that alliances are strategic
when they are directed by the entrepreneur to adjust differentiation of
resources’ value through a unique combination of resources which
distributed among the ‘hierarchies’.



We hope that you will find the essays interesting and share them with your
colleagues.



With kind regards,



Dr. Tamiko Kasahara

Editorial member of Japan MNE Insights.



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Tamiko Kasahara (Ph.D.)
Lecturer in International Business
University of Shizuoka, School of Management and Information
52-1 Yada, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka, 422-8526, Japan

TEL/FAX:+81-54-264-5435 <+81%2054-264-5435> (direct)
E-mail :[log in to unmask]

The Japan Academy of Multinational Enterprises (
http://www.mne-jp.org/english/)
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